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hoover asbestos law firm of Exposure to Asbestos Asbestos was used in thousands of commercial products before it was banned. According to research, asbestos exposure can cause cancer and a host of other health issues. It is impossible to tell just by looking at a thing if it is made of asbestos. It is also impossible to taste or smell it. Asbestos is only detectable when the material containing it is broken, drilled, or chipped. Chrysotile At its peak, chrysotile accounted for up 99% of the asbestos production. It was widely used in industries including construction insulation, fireproofing, as well as insulation. If workers are exposed to asbestos, they can develop mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. Since the 1960s, when mesothelioma began to become a problem asbestos use has declined significantly. However, it is still present in trace amounts. remain in the products we use today. Chrysotile is safe to use when a thorough safety and handling plan is put into place. It has been proven that, at today's controlled exposure levels, there isn't an unneeded risk to the people working with the substance. Lung fibrosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma were all associated with breathing in airborne respirable fibres. This has been confirmed for both intensity (dose) and the duration of exposure. A study that looked at a facility that used nearly exclusively chrysotile to manufacture friction materials, compared mortality rates in this facility with national death rates. The study concluded that, after 40 years of processing low levels of chrysotile, there was no significant rise in mortality in this factory. Contrary to other types of asbestos, chrysotile fibers tend to be shorter. They can penetrate the lungs, and enter the bloodstream. They are therefore more likely to cause health problems over longer fibres. It is extremely difficult for chrysotile fibrous to be a threat to the air or pose any health risk when mixed with cement. The fibre cement products are extensively used throughout the world particularly in structures like hospitals and schools. Research has revealed that amphibole asbestos, like amosite or crocidolite is less likely than chrysotile in causing diseases. These amphibole varieties are the main cause of mesothelioma, and other asbestos-related diseases. When chrysotile is mixed in with cement, it creates a tough, flexible building product that can withstand harsh weather conditions and other environmental dangers. It is also easy to clean after use. Asbestos fibres can be easily removed by a professional, and then taken away. Amosite Asbestos refers to a group of silicate minerals with fibrous structure which are found naturally in a variety of kinds of rock formations. It is classified into six groups including amphibole (serpentine), tremolite (tremolite), anthophyllite (crocidolite) and anthophyllite. Asbestos minerals are made up of long, thin fibers that range in length from fine to wide. They can also be curled or straight. They are present in nature as individual fibrils or bundles with splaying ends called a fibril matrix. Asbestos minerals can also be found in powder form (talc) or mixed with other minerals and sold as talcum powder and vermiculite which are widely used in consumer products, such as baby powder, face powder and cosmetics. Asbestos was heavily used in the early two-thirds of the 20th century for construction of ships, insulation, fireproofing, and other construction materials. The majority of occupational exposures were asbestos fibres in the air, however some workers were exposed contaminated vermiculite or talc, and to fragments of asbestos-bearing rock (ATSDR, 2001). Exposures varied from industry to industry, era to and even geographical location. Most of the asbestos-related exposures in the workplace were caused by inhalation, however some workers were also exposed via skin contact or by eating food contaminated with asbestos. Asbestos can only be found in the environment because of natural weathering and degrading of products that are contaminated like ceiling and floor tiles automobile brakes and clutches, and insulation. It is becoming evident that non-commercial amphibole fibers could also be carcinogenic. These are the fibres that do not have the tight knit fibrils of the amphibole or serpentine minerals but instead are flexible, loose and needle-like. They can be found in cliffs, mountains and sandstones in a variety of countries. Asbestos can be absorbed into the environment in a variety ways, including through airborne particles. It can also be absorbed into soil or water. This is caused by both natural (weathering of asbestos-bearing rocks) and anthropogenic sources (disintegration of asbestos-containing wastes and disposal in landfill sites). Asbestos contamination of surface and ground waters is primarily caused through natural weathering. However it is also caused by anthropogeny, such as through the mining and milling of asbestos-containing materials demolition and dispersal and the removal of contaminated dumping material in landfills (ATSDR 2001). Asbestos fibres that are emitted from the air are the primary cause of disease among those exposed to asbestos during their occupation. Crocidolite Exposure to asbestos through inhalation is the most common way people are exposed to harmful fibres. They can be absorbed into the lungs and cause serious health problems. This includes asbestosis and mesothelioma. Exposure to the fibres can be triggered in other ways, like contact with contaminated clothing or building materials. This kind of exposure is particularly dangerous when crocidolite (the blue asbestos form) is involved. Crocidolite is a smaller, more fragile fibers that are easy to breathe and can be lodged deeper into lung tissue. It has been associated with more mesothelioma cancer cases than other types of asbestos. The six primary kinds are chrysotile and amosite. The most well-known asbestos types are epoxiemite as well as chrysotile which together comprise 95% all commercial asbestos used. The other four asbestos types are not as common, but may still be present in older structures. They are not as hazardous as amosite and chrysotile, but they could pose a threat when mixed with other asbestos minerals or when mined in close proximity to other naturally occurring mineral deposits, such as talc or vermiculite. Numerous studies have demonstrated the connection between stomach cancer and asbestos exposure. However there is no conclusive evidence. Some researchers have cited an SMR (standardized death ratio) of 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 0.7-3.6), for all asbestos workers, whereas others have reported an SMR of 1,24 (95 percent confidence interval: 0.76-2.5), for those who work in mines and chrysotile mills. IARC The IARC, also known as the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified all kinds of asbestos as carcinogenic. All types of asbestos can cause mesothelioma as well as other health issues, although the risks vary according to the amount of exposure people are exposed to, the type of asbestos used and the duration of their exposure, and the manner in which it is breathed in or consumed. The IARC has recommended that avoiding all forms of asbestos is the best option as it is the best option for those who are exposed. If you have been exposed in the past to asbestos and are suffering from a respiratory disorder or mesothelioma then you should consult your GP or NHS111. Amphibole Amphiboles are groups of minerals which can form prism-like or needle-like crystals. They are a type of silicate mineral made up of two chains of SiO4 molecules. They usually have a monoclinic crystal system however some may have an orthorhombic structure. The general formula of an amphibole is A0-1B2C5T8O22(OH,F)2. The double chains comprise (Si, Al)O4 tetrahedrons linked together in rings of six tetrahedrons. Tetrahedrons can be separated by strips of octahedral sites. Amphibole minerals are found in metamorphic and igneous rocks. They are usually dark and hard. They are sometimes difficult to distinguish from pyroxenes as they share similar hardness and color. They also have a comparable cleavage. However their chemistry permits many different compositions. The chemical compositions and crystal structures of the various mineral groups in amphibole can be used to identify them. The five types of asbestos in the amphibole family include amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile and crocidolite. They also include actinolite. While the most commonly used form of asbestos is chrysotile; each is unique in its own way. Crocidolite is considered to be the most hazardous asbestos kind. It has sharp fibers that can be easily breathed into the lung. Anthophyllite is a brownish to yellowish hue and is made primarily of magnesium and iron. The variety was used previously in products such as cement and insulation materials. Amphiboles are difficult to analyse due to their complicated chemical structure and the numerous substitutions. A thorough analysis of the composition of amphibole minerals is a complex process that requires specialized methods. The most common methods to identify amphiboles are EDS, WDS, and XRD. However, these methods can only give approximate identifications. These techniques, for instance can't distinguish between magnesio hornblende and hastingsite. These techniques also do not distinguish between ferro-hornblende and pargasite.